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Basic Hardware Networking

Router
Router : used to connect two networks that different. example, to connect between the LAN and the Internet required a second router as a bridge of tissue is usually placed after that.
The router described above serves as a gateway, as well as a firewall. 

Gateway: Gateway anticipation to the internet. Each client / workstation in the network through the gateway beforehand to get to the internet. Can be described like this:

Firewall: Usually installed between the Internet and the router. The firewall serves as a security wall for the network in [LAN]. In it there is usually a facility, firewall, logging, snort. etc.Contoh multifunctional physical router as it is Cisco Router. But I am more inclined to use an alternative router is using
 Smoothwall.Since smoothwall just need a computer that has battered a long unused to the hard drive about 300 mb, and of course the two lan cards.



Smoothwall is a linux distro specifically designed to handle routers, firewalls, and gateways. Addition, a router was used to connect two LANs, a different subnet masknya. More towards the Intranet.
Switch
Switch: Normally switches are widely used for LAN token star. And this switch is used as a repeater / amplifier. Serves to connect the cables UTP (Category 5/5e) one computer to another computer. In the switch there is usually routing, routing itself serves to jump stones to connect with other computers in the LAN. 
Hub



Hub: Just like switches, but the difference is not having faslitas routing hub. So that all incoming information will be sent to all computers (broadcast) 

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